Burns: Biochemical Aspects, Pathophysiology, Classification, Treatment, and Nursing Care
نویسندگان
1 Maternity and Children Hospital in Hafr Albatin, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
2 Eradah Complex for Mental Health in Riyadh, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
3 Irada Mental Health Complex in Hail, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
4 Hafar Al-Batin Central Hospital, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
5 AI-Eradahah Complex Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
6 Forensic Medicine Services Center in Riyadh Region, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
7 Maternity and Children Hospital in Hafr Albatin, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
8 Irada Mental Health Complex in Hail, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
9 Phc Mahaliyah, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
10 Riyadh First Health Complex, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
11 Jazan Specialized Hospital, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
12 Hafar Al-Batin Central Hospital, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
13 Al-Eradah Complex Mental Health in Riyadh, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
14 Prince Mohammed Bin Nasser Hospital in Jazan, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
15 Hospital Irada and Mental Health in Jazan, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
doi
10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2024.12.1چکیده
Background: Burn injuries are among the most complex and life-threatening conditions, involving both local and systemic effects on the body. These injuries can be caused by thermal, electrical, chemical, or radiation sources, each presenting distinct challenges for management and recovery. The pathophysiology of burns involves intricate biochemical processes that affect multiple organ systems, requiring comprehensive medical care to address both immediate and long-term consequences.Aim: This article aims to provide an in-depth exploration of the biochemical aspects, pathophysiology, classification, and treatment modalities of burn injuries, with a particular focus on the nursing care required throughout the recovery process.Methods: A thorough review of the existing literature was conducted to examine the classification, etiology, and biochemical responses to burn injuries, as well as the systemic effects and treatment options. Sources included peer-reviewed journal articles, clinical guidelines, and case studies focusing on burn care.Results: The findings reveal that burn injuries are classified based on the depth of injury and the total body surface area (TBSA) affected. Thermal burns remain the most common, though electrical, chemical, and radiation burns present unique management challenges. The pathophysiology involves a complex inflammatory response, with immediate effects on the skin, vasculature, and immune system. Innovative surgical techniques, such as skin grafting and tissue-engineering approaches, have advanced treatment. Additionally, nursing care remains crucial in managing pain, infection prevention, and rehabilitation. Comprehensive nursing interventions are essential for patient stabilization, wound care, psychological support, and long-term recovery.Conclusion: Burn injuries require multidisciplinary management, with nursing care playing a pivotal role in both immediate and long-term outcomes. Nurses are essential in performing accurate assessments, providing pain relief, ensuring infection control, and offering psychological support. With advancements in burn surgery and rehabilitation, the prognosis for burn victims has improved, but continued research is needed to optimize treatment and recovery processes.
