Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Biomarkers, and Nursing Interventions
نویسندگان
1 Eradah & Psychiatric Hospital, Jazan Health Cluster, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
2 Maternity and Children's Hospital, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
3 Dental Center Health Care, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
4 Mental Health Hospital in Qassim, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
5 General Nursing & Midwifery Administration, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
6 Middle Sector (Jazan Health Cluster), Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
7 Maternity and Children Hospital Hafralbatin, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
8 Damad General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
9 Dental Center Hafer Albaten, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
10 Primary Health Care, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
11 Eradah Hospital and Mental Health, Jazan, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
12 Dental Center Nurse, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
13 Maternal and Child Hospital, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
14 Maternity and Children's Hospital, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
15 General Nursing & Midwifery Administration, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
doi
10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2024.12.3چکیده
Background and Aim: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a multifaceted endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age. It manifests as hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovarian morphology. The etiology is complex, involving genetic, environmental, and metabolic factors. Key mechanisms—such as hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs)—play integral roles in its pathophysiology. This review aims to evaluate the pathophysiology of PCOS, identify diagnostic biomarkers, and assess the critical role of nursing interventions in its management.Method: A narrative review methodology was employed, synthesizing data from peer-reviewed studies on PCOS’s etiology, clinical features, and treatment modalities. Emphasis was placed on the roles of biomarkers and nursing interventions in enhancing patient care and awareness.Results: PCOS is strongly associated with insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and AGE accumulation, which exacerbate hyperandrogenism and ovarian dysfunction. Advanced biomarkers, including anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and AGEs, offer valuable diagnostic and prognostic insights. Effective management strategies incorporate lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapies, and personalized nursing care. Nursing interventions prioritize patient education, lifestyle guidance, and addressing mental health concerns to improve outcomes.Conclusion: Managing PCOS requires a multidisciplinary approach that encompasses a thorough understanding of its pathophysiology, utilization of biomarkers for early diagnosis, and implementation of tailored therapeutic strategies. Nursing interventions are pivotal in raising awareness, promoting adherence to treatment, and mitigating long-term complications. Emphasizing patient education and lifestyle modifications is essential for the effective management of PCOS.
