فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

Spinal anesthesia is the process of blocking nerve cells in the subarachnoid space with a local anesthetic drug. Bupivacaine is the most common agent, but the duration is often short-lived. The duration can be extended by adding adjuvants such as ketamine and dexmedetomidine. Generally, dexmedetomidine induces activation of α2 agonist receptors in the spinal cord which causes a decrease in the transmission of nociceptive signals including substance P and glutamate, while ketamine as a single anesthetic agent produces psychomimetic disturbances and inadequate analgesia. Therefore, ketamine and dexmedetomidine are adjuvants for intrathecal bupivacaine. This study aimed to compare the duration of anesthesia between the administration of intrathecal ketamine and dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to bupivacaine 0.5% in spinal anesthesia. A randomized cinical trial design was used with double blinds and the samples were divided into group A (adjuvant ketamine), given hyperbaric Bupivacaine 0.5% 15mg with adjuvant Ketamine 5 mg and group B (Bupivacaine) administrated adjuvant dexmedetomidine 5 mcg. The results showed that there were 30 samples with a distribution of 15 in each group. A significant difference was found in sensory and motor duration (p<0.001). The average sensory duration in the ketamine group was 185 minutes and in the dexmedetomidine group, it was 293 minutes. The motor duration in the ketamine group was found to be an average of 200 minutes and for dexmedetomidine, it was 303 minutes. Based on the results, the dexmedetomidine group had a longer duration of anesthesia than ketamine in spinal anesthesia.