Neutrosophic Z-number analysis of music therapy effects on lower limb muscle strength in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
نویسندگان
1 Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, Riobamba-Ecuador.
2 Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, Riobamba-Ecuador.
3 Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, Riobamba-Ecuador.
4 Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, Riobamba-Ecuador.
5 Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, Riobamba-Ecuador.
6 Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, Riobamba-Ecuador.
7 Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, Riobamba-Ecuador.
8 Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, Riobamba-Ecuador.
doi
10.22105/jfea.2025.516219.1873چکیده
This study evaluates the impact of music-assisted strength training on lower limb muscle performance in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), applying Neutrosophic Z-Numbers (NZNs) to model subjectivity and uncertainty in clinical data. T2DM, characterized by insulin resistance and musculoskeletal decline, often reduces mobility and increases fall risk. In a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) involving 30 participants, an experimental group underwent music-supported exercise sessions, while the control group received no intervention. Patient evaluations were encoded using NZNs to quantify subjective assessments, which capture truth, indeterminacy, and falsity—each paired with a reliability measure. These were aggregated and statistically analyzed via a modified Mann–Whitney U test. The findings revealed significant improvements (p < 0.05) in the intervention group's hip and knee extensor strength. This study highlights the dual contribution of music-based interventions to physical and emotional well-being. It showcases the potential of NZNs in enhancing the interpretability of imprecise health data in rehabilitation settings.
