فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

This study experimentally and numerically investigates the grinding behavior of bidirectional carbon-carbon (C/C) composites, analyzing the effects of wheel speed (38–75 m/s), workpiece speed (8.3–16.6 mm/s), and fiber orientation (0°,90°–60°,150°). Using response surface methodology (RSM), predictive models for normal (Fₙ) and tangential (Fₜ) grinding forces were developed, achieving high accuracy with R² values of 0.974 and 0.947, respectively. Experimental results showed that increasing wheel speed from 38 m/s to 75 m/s reduced Fₜ by ~35% and Fₙ by ~20%, while raising workpiece speed from 8.3 mm/s to 16.6 mm/s increased Fₜ by ~50% and Fₙ by ~40%. Fiber orientation significantly influenced grinding performance: (0°, 90°) orientations yielded the lowest forces (Fₜ = 15.8 (N), Fₙ = 35.5 (N)), whereas (30°, 120°) orientations produced the highest (Fₜ = 90.9 (N), Fₙ = 100.5 (N)). Chip morphology analysis revealed that (0°, 90°) specimens generated long, intact fibers, while (30°, 120°) orientations produced fragmented debris, increasing tool loading and temperature. Finite element (FE) simulations validated experimental forces with <10% error, demonstrating consistent damage patterns in fiber and matrix. This work provides quantitative guidelines for optimizing grinding parameters to minimize forces, reduce tool wear, and improve surface quality in bidirectional C/C composite machining.