فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Urbanization continues to rise in urban centers and cities worldwide, particularly in developing countries. As the second-largest tourist destination and education hub in Indonesia, Yogyakarta Province is experiencing unprecedented population growth, which is further accelerating changes in land use and resulting in a significant increase in carbon emissions over the past few decades. Without proper management, the trend would threaten the environmental sustainability and livability of its regions. The study objectives were to examine the effects of land use on carbon emissions in Yogyakarta Province from 2000 to 2023 by decomposing the determining factors—land use change, economic development, energy structure, energy efficiency, and population—and analyzing the contributions of each to carbon emissions. The novelty of this study lies in its consideration of complex factors influencing carbon emissions, in contrast to previous carbon-related studies that have typically considered only a single factor.METHODS: To achieve this goal, the study employed the logarithmic mean divisia index, a decomposition method that has been widely used in carbon-related studies due to its residual-free nature, completeness, ease of operation, and applicability. Data relating to the province’s land use-related carbon emissions along with their attributed sectors—agriculture, transportation, households, businesses, and general use, industry, and industrial processes and product use, over the study periods were collected from the governmental agencies, while those relating to the coefficient of carbon emission factors were gathered from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change emission factor database. The complex formula for calculating carbon emission intensity and decomposing the determining factors followed the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change guidelines and seminal studies using the logarithmic mean divisia index method.FINDINGS: Key findings reveal that the industry, the households, business, and general use, and the industrial processes and product use are the three economic sectors that significantly contribute to carbon intensity in the province. By decomposing the changes in carbon emissions using logarithmic mean divisia index, the study further identified the effects of factors influencing the increase in these emissions and found that land use change, economic development, and energy structure were the primary contributors.CONCLUSION: This study recommends strategies to reduce carbon emissions that include the adoption of renewable energy and clean technologies, the provision of carbon incentives, and the implementation of sustainable land use, transportation, and waste management in the province’s future development.