فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

Delayed wound repair is a common complication in diabetes mellitus, primarily driven by persistent oxidative stress, dysregulated inflammatory responses, and increased susceptibility to microbial infection. Fucoidan-coated silver nanoparticle gel integrates the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory capabilities of fucoidan with the antimicrobial activity of silver, offering a multifunctional approach for improving diabetic ulcer healing. This study evaluated the topical application of fucoidan-coated silver nanoparticle gel at concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, and 10% in diabetic, and non-diabetic rat models. To clarify the gel’s mode of action, several oxidative stress markers, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were assessed, along with pro-inflammatory molecules such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Wound repair was further assessed through fibroblast density, collagen deposition, and histopathological examination. Treatment with the 5% and 10% gel formulations significantly enhanced SOD and GPx activity while reducing MDA levels, indicating improved redox balance in diabetic wounds. These doses also markedly downregulated NF-κB, TNF-α, and IL-6 expression, reflecting effective suppression of inflammatory signaling. Histological analyses revealed greater fibroblast proliferation and increased collagen matrix formation in treated diabetic groups compared with untreated diabetic controls. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that fucoidan-coated silver nanoparticle gel promotes diabetic ulcer healing by mitigating oxidative and inflammatory damage and by stimulating tissue regeneration. This nanoformulation represents a promising topical therapeutic option for managing chronic diabetic wounds.