فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

MXenes have emerged as a revolutionary class of 2D transition metal carbides/nitrides for electrochemical sensing applications. Unlike previous reviews focusing on general sensor development, this work presents a comprehensive structure-performance analysis of MXene-based electrochemical sensors (MECSens), with particular emphasis on surface termination engineering (-F, -OH, -O groups) and its impact on sensing capabilities. We systematically demonstrate how termination-specific properties govern key performance metrics: first, -OH-rich MXenes achieve 0.095 nM detection limits for heavy metals through enhanced metal-hydroxyl interactions; second, F-terminated variants enable selective neurotransmitter detection via electrostatic filtering; and finally, oxygen-dominated surfaces improve stability in biological media. The review critically evaluates synthesis strategies (fluorine-containing vs. fluorine-free etching), fabrication techniques (screen-printing, dip-coating), and characterization methods to establish termination-structure-property relationships. Comparative analysis with conventional 2D materials (graphene, MoS₂) reveals MXenes' superior sensitivity (100-1000 μA mM⁻¹ cm⁻² for glucose) and selectivity (simultaneous detection of dopamine/uric acid/ascorbic acid). Emerging applications in wearable diagnostics and environmental monitoring are highlighted, along with current challenges and future directions for commercialization. This work provides essential guidelines for designing high-performance MECSens through targeted surface chemistry control.