Cost-effective Chemometrics-assisted Spectrophotometric Methods for the Simultaneous Determination of Anti-diabetic Drugs Linagliptin, Empagliflozin, and Gliclazide

نویسندگان

1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Science, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Shariati Ave., P.O. Box: 484, Postal Code: 47148-71167, Babol, Iran

2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Science, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Shariati Ave., P.O. Box: 484, Postal Code: 47148-71167, Babol, Iran

3 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Science, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Shariati Ave., P.O. Box: 484, Postal Code: 47148-71167, Babol, Iran

doi
10.22036/abcr.2025.515915.2321
چکیده

The progress of analytical chemistry is pervasive in all fields, this leads to significant consumption of organic solvents and dangerous reagents with a growth in the creation of waste to be treated. Given the increasing prevalence of diabetes and the need for precise monitoring of medication levels, a robust analytical technique is essential for ensuring therapeutic efficacy and safety. In this work, we developed a simple, fast, cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach for the simultaneous determination of three antidiabetic drugs such as linagliptin (LGT), empagliflozin (EPZ), and gliclazide (GLZ) in the synthetic mixtures and pharmaceutical formulation, using UV-Vis spectroscopy and multivariate calibration 1 (MVC1) toolbox. Three methods of this toolbox were studied, including partial least squares (PLS), principal component regression (PCR), and hybrid linear analysis (HLA) with full-spectrum and selected wavelengths. All methods showed more accurate prediction results based on the recovery values. The developed methods demonstrated high accuracy, precision, and reproducibility across a wide range of concentrations, proving effective for the simultaneous analysis of these antidiabetic agents in pharmaceutical formulations. This research highlights the potential of UV-Vis spectroscopy and MVC1 toolbox as reliable tools for routine analysis in quality control laboratories and clinical settings.