Structural Features of Xanthone from Leaves of Garcinia nigrolineata Planch. ex T. Anderson against 4T1 Breast Cancer Cells and DPPH Radicals
نویسندگان
1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
3 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
4 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
5 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
6 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
7 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
8 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
doi
10.48309/ajca.2026.562739.1985چکیده
Xanthones are the most dominant phenolic compounds found in the genus Garcinia. Structurally, xanthones possess antioxidant potential, scavenging harmful free radicals. Xanthones also show cytotoxic potential against various cancer cells. To reveal the cytotoxic and antioxidant potential of xanthone derivatives from Garcinia nigrolineata Planch. ex. T. Anderson leaves against DPPH radicals is the aim of this study. Phytochemical investigations on G. nigrolineata yielded two xanthone derivatives, namely 5-O-methylmacluraxanthone and macluraxanthone. The structures of the xanthone were determined using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution MS data. Variations in oxygenation patterns, particularly the presence of a hydroxyl group, have been demonstrated to have a considerable impact on radical scavenging and cytotoxic activity. Macluraxanthone showed antioxidant potential against DPPH radicals with an IC50 value of 6.32 µg/mL, while 5-O-methylmacluraxanthone was inactive. Macluraxanthone also showed moderate activity against breast cancer (4T1 cells) with an IC50 value of 32.58 µM. These findings highlight that minor structural modifications can critically alter their biological performance.
