Effect of Calcination Temperature on The Structure of Evolution of Al-Co co-Doped ZnO Nanofibers for High Performance Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting
نویسندگان
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Andalas, Kampus Limau Manis, Padang 25163, Indonesia
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Padang, Padang 25163, Indonesia
3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Andalas, Kampus Limau Manis, Padang 25163, Indonesia
4 Department of Manufacturing Engineering Technology, Politeknik Engineering Indorama, Purwakarta 41152, Indonesia
doi
10.48309/ajca.2026.568339.2012چکیده
The development of high-efficiency piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) requires nanostructured materials with controlled crystallinity, optimized morphology, and enhanced lattice stability. However, systematic investigations on Al–Co co-doped electrospun ZnO nanofibers for piezoelectric energy harvesting remain limited. This study aims to examine the effects of aluminum (Al) and cobalt (Co) co-doping on the structural, morphological, and chemical characteristics of electrospun ZnO nanofibers. ZnO nanofiber membranes were fabricated via electrospinning using PVA, ZnAc, AlCl₃, and CoAc precursors, followed by calcination at 500 °C. XRD results showed that Al-ZnO (100:0) exhibited the largest crystallite size (93.09 nm) and highest crystallinity, while the Al–Co (75:25) composition produced the smallest crystallites (59.52 nm) due to Co-induced lattice strain. FTIR spectra further confirmed dopant–lattice interactions through characteristic metal–oxygen vibrations. SEM analysis revealed uniform bead-free fibers with diameters ranging from 77 to 219 nm, with smoother surfaces observed in co-doped samples. EDX confirmed the successful incorporation and homogeneous distribution of Al and Co within the ZnO matrix. The results demonstrate that Al–Co co-doping effectively tunes crystallite size, crystallinity, and fibre morphology, offering a promising strategy for optimizing electrospun ZnO nanofibers toward enhanced piezoelectric energy harvesting applications.
