Sustainable Dye Wastewater Treatment: A Review of Effective Strategies and Future Directions
نویسندگان
1 Department of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal, 57000, Pakistan
2 Department of Chemistry, College of Education, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Diwaniyah, Iraq
3 Department of Chemistry, College of Education, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Diwaniyah, Iraq
4 Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Recycling and Resource Recovery, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering,
5 Department of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal, 57000, Pakistan
6 Ministry of Education General Directorate of Al-Qadisiyah Education, Diwaniyah, Iraq
7 Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
doi
10.22036/pcr.2025.501339.2633چکیده
The environment and living things are negatively impacted by dye effluents from various industries. Dye effluents must be treated using a sustainable, efficient process. To lessen its negative impacts, dye wastewater must be treated before being released. Through an analysis of prior studies on biological, chemical, and physical procedures, this study assesses the effectiveness of various dye removal strategies. Common physicochemical techniques that efficiently decrease pollutants include adsorption, ion exchange, and coagulation. While coagulation depends on settling time, pH, and coagulant dosage, adsorption is primarily influenced by adsorbent dose, contact time, pH, and temperature. The study highlights that the most efficient techniques at the moment are enzyme degradation, ion exchange, and adsorption dye removal. Moreover, this investigation promotes the application of composite materials including Bentonites and their derivatives for possibly increased dye removal effectiveness. Adsorption is recognized as a simple and sustainable approach for wastewater treatment. Recent developments in biological, chemical, and physical therapeutic technologies are compiled in this article. It provides a thorough vision on wastewater treatment's future in lowering environmental pollution and enhancing the sustainability of water resources, and it additionally addresses the integration of eco-friendly technologies
