فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

Fusarium head blight (FHB), a disease caused by Fusarium graminearum, poses a significant threat to wheat production. Estimating variability, heritability, and genetic advance in wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) is paramount in plant breeding programs for developing new and improved wheat varieties. This study evaluated twenty-seven wheat genotypes under pathogenic (FHB) stress conditions at two locations (greenhouse and field) at the Research Field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran, during the 2021-2022 planting season. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Spikes were inoculated at the first flowering stage via spray inoculation. The results revealed substantial diversity among the 27 bread wheat varieties concerning grain yield and its components. Duncan’s multiple range test indicated that the Quds, Shiraz, Morvarid 2, and Pishtaz cultivars exhibited significant superiority in grain yield compared to other cultivars. Factor analysis grouped the evaluated traits into two factors, collectively explaining approximately 35% of the total variation. Cluster analysis classified the studied genotypes into two distinct clusters. The highest broad-sense heritability (88.95%) was observed for plant height, coupled with a genetic advance of 10.472. Conversely, grain yield showed the lowest heritability estimate (53.01%) with a genetic advance of 0.005. Based on the high values of broad-sense heritability and genetic advance, plant height and the number of fertile spikes are identified as suitable traits for improving seed yield through selection. Overall, the findings suggest that the Shiraz, Pishtaz, Quds, and Morwarid-2 cultivars are promising candidates for breeding programs aimed at enhancing resistance to wheat head blight disease.