فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

Sustainable development cannot be achieved without considering energy consumption and the environmental impact on human life. Although the exterior facade of a building is often chosen for its aesthetic appeal, it plays a crucial role in determining the thermal conditions of the interior spaces. This is especially important for wall facades exposed to environmental conditions. The solar heat gain coefficient of the building facade has a significant impact on the thermal conditions inside the building, often more so than its other properties. This study examines the effect of the solar heat gain coefficient of openings in the external wall facade to optimize energy consumption. The aim is to assess how the openings in a residential building's floor plan influence energy consumption under specific climatic conditions. The Window-to-Wall Ratio (WWR) varies from 10% to 50% across all facades (north, south, east, and west). The results demonstrate that more than 30% of a building's heat loss can occur through these openings. It is found that heat loss from the walls (including openings) varies significantly: 28.64 kW for WWR = 10%, 49.97 kW for WWR = 30%, and approximately 78 kW for WWR = 50%. Additionally, the ambient temperature required to maintain thermal comfort in residential rooms is significantly influenced by the solar heat gain coefficient of the exterior façade.