فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

Pineoblastoma is an uncommon, cancerous brain mass in the pineal region, located in the epithalamus, and has a distinctive pinecone shape. The gland is made up of pineal parenchymal cells and glial cells that can form neoplasms, and it is responsible for the release of melatonin, energy regulation, metabolism, and glucose homeostasis. Pineoblastomas are grade IV neoplasms derived from rudimentary neuroectoderm (the grading system refers to the speed of mitosis). Pineoblastomas are embryonic tumors that are undifferentiated and categorized as incipient neuroectodermal tumors. The tumor’s prognosis is poor, and its clinical behavior is aggressive owing to the frequent invasion of adjacent structures. The cancer cells can effortlessly spread through the cerebrospinal fluid, known as the “CSF”. Pineoblastomas can occur at any age. However, they are more frequently found in children than in adults, and being able to extend the lives of children and young adults is crucial. Embolization therapy can be a new treatment option for these patients, and it has shown promising results in clinical trials of various pineal glands. Due to the rarity of these tumors, information regarding Pineoblastomas effective treatments are minimal. In this review article, studies have been done on pineoblastoma itself, symptoms, diagnoses, usual treatments, and ways to manage the disease, and lastly, recommending embolization as an effective treatment, discussing the procedure, risks, and the mechanism of action.