Factors affecting the health literacy status of patients with type 2 diabetes through demographic variables: A cross‑sectional study
نویسندگان
1 Department of Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
3 Department of Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Health Promotion Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
doi
چکیده
BACKGROUND: Health literacy (HL) is the ability of a person to acquire the process, understand thenecessary health information, and make the health services needed for conscious health decisions.Besides, diabetes is the most common metabolic disorder that affects patients’ quantity and qualityof life. This study focused on determining the factors that affect the HL status of patients with type 2diabetes (T2D) through the role of the demographic variables.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive‑analytical research survey recruited a samplebased on 280 patients with T2D at the Diabetes Research Center of Ayatollah Taleghani Hospitalin Kermanshah in 2020. This study selected patients with T2D using a simple random samplingtechnique. The study applied the demographic information questionnaire and the Functional,Communicative, and Critical HL Scale to collect data from patients with T2D. This study used theSPSS version 23 on the received data sets to perform statistical analysis, including t‑test, analysisof the variance, and multiple regression, to predict the factors affecting HL among diabetes patients.RESULTS: The study results showed that the mean age of the participating patients with T2D was55.80 ± 13.04. The results indicated the mean score and standard deviation of total HL score in patientswith T2D 2.70 ± 0.44. The findings specified a statistically significant relationship between HL, gender,education, occupation, income, and place of residence. Results indicated that β‑coefficients of themultiple regression analysis and the income variable (β = 0.170), age (β = 0.176), and employmentvariable (β = 0.157). These are the most predictive of the HL of patients with T2D.CONCLUSION: The results of this study specified that the HL rate of individuals with diabetes type 2is average. The potential communicative and critical HL influence is essential for communication andeducation for diabetes patients in the primary health‑care system settings. The findings indicate thatcommunicative and critical HL related to patients’ management and functional HL looks passablein this study.
