فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

Background and Aim: Infertility is one of the most important problems of human societies, and medical knowledge has been able to solve this problem to some extent due to many advances. One of the most important achievements is embryo freezing that was created from the in vitro fertilization of the parents’ germ cells in extra uterine conditions and with a medical process. Embryo freezing and storage in freezing banks has faced many issues, one of which is legal challenges. The purpose of this research is to investigate the disagreement of parents in choosing a uterus for implantation of a frozen embryo in Iranian legal system. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical research aims to qualitatively analyse the verses of the Holy Quran and the opinions of lawyers, jurists and doctors regarding the differences between the parents’ frozen embryo in implantation in the mother's and non-mother's wombs in Iranian legal system by referring to documents and library resources. Conclusion: Based on the studies on the difference in the place of embryo implantation and different views regarding the determination of the authority’s the frozen embryo, it was determined that the couple (the owners of the gamete and the two forming factors of the embryo) are jointly authority. By stating the types of relationship between parents and the fetus, it was explained that there is a new relationship between them, that is, the relationship of dominion and possession of trust and exclusive right. Considering the right to the physical and mental health of the fetus, the right to life, the right to implant in the mother's womb, the psychological effects of implantation in the mother's womb on the fetus, the place of the womb (the interest of the fetus) and the rules of harmlessness and non-harmful in assuming fetus’ or mother’s health and not health at the implantation site, a womb is chosen that is a stable place for the fetus and ensures its health and protection according to the verses of the Holy Quran. In addition, it was found that a frozen embryo is not property, so it cannot be inherited.