فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

In the medicine of Islamic civilization era, surgical operation was one of the alternatives in health services and this kind of treatment required physicians to be acquainted with anatomy, however anatomy on those days implied more than dissecting the body organs and included morphology (the science of the structure and form of the body organs) as well as physiology (the science of the functions of body organs). The physicians of Islamic period could acquire this knowledge through six ways: 1. Study of ancient medical books, 2. Study of animals and dissection of their body organs, 3. Study of the dead bodies, 4. Observing wounds and injuries of wars or accidents, casualties. 5. Logical deductions supported by natural laws and scientific-theoretical backups. 6. Dissection of human corpses. Historical evidences show that physicians of that era applied the first five methods to cure people; in relation to the last method – regarding the religiously prohibition of dissecting human corpses – there is no evidence for the condemnation of this method by those physicians, though some hints denote that it had even been used by them.