فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

Introduction/Background: Inflammatory diseases are among the most common chronic health conditions and are frequently linked to microbial dysbiosis and immune system dysfunction. Although corticosteroids remain a standard therapeutic option, their long-term use is associated with serious adverse effects, highlighting the need for safer alternatives. Probiotics, live beneficial microorganisms, have emerged as promising therapeutic agents due to their anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. They can restore gut microbial balance, enhance epithelial barrier function, and modulate host immune responses through pathways involving cytokine regulation and short-chain fatty acid production. Purpose/Objectives: This review provides a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms through which probiotics mitigate inflammation, with particular attention to their role in modulating mucosal immunity, suppressing pro-inflammatory signaling, and enhancing intestinal integrity. Findings: Clinical studies support the use of probiotics in managing a variety of inflammation-related conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), respiratory tract infections, allergic responses, metabolic disorders, and neuroinflammation. However, strain specificity, formulation challenges, and host-related factors continue to influence clinical outcomes. Conclusion: Overall, probiotics represent a promising, biologically based approach for managing inflammation and improving patient outcomes across a broad spectrum of chronic diseases. In addition, advanced diagnostic and laboratory techniques play a crucial role in elucidating the molecular and functional impacts of probiotics, enabling precise evaluation of their efficacy, strain-specific effects, and mechanisms of action in both experimental and clinical settings. Future research should focus on identifying the most effective probiotic strains, understanding host–microbe interactions, and conducting long-term studies to establish safety and efficacy.   *Corresponding Author: Fatemeh Ahangari; Email: f_ahangari@pasteur.ac.ir, fatemehh.ahangari@gmail.com; ORCID iD: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7253-6603 Please cite this article as: Haghighi M, Haghighi F, Hajiloo Z, Ahangari F. Probiotics as a Therapeutic Strategy for Inflammatory Diseases: A Review on Mechanistic, Diagnostic, and Laboratory Perspectives. Arch Med Lab Sci. 2025;11:1-15 (e3). https://doi.org/10.22037/amls.v9.48797