Evaluation of cytotoxicity and anticancer activity of kombucha and doxorubicin combination therapy on colorectal cancer cell line HCT‑116
نویسندگان
1 Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Payame-Noor University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3 Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Payame-Noor University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
5 Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
doi
چکیده
BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer is the third leading to death type of cancer in the world.The therapeutic guideline varied between different methods. As the main therapeutic guidelineis chemotherapy, recent studies had shown utilization of natural products in combination withconventional medication, elevate the efficiency of chemotherapeutic methods. Kombucha is atraditional beverage obtained from the fermentation of green tea as a rich source of flavonoidmedicinal plant. This study aimed to evaluate the natural potential of combination therapy of thisnatural product with doxorubicin as a chemotherapeutic agent.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was performed as in vitro evaluation of biological activityof kombucha on HCT‑116 cell line (human colon cancer cell line). The cytotoxic effect of differentkombucha beverages (fermented green tea) in comparison with green tea extract was evaluated bydimethylthiazolyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. In the next step, anticancer activity of doxorubicinas a general guideline chemotherapeutic agent in combination with kombucha was evaluated bycell cycle analysis and apoptosis assay flow cytometry. Apoptotic genes expression pattern wasdetermined using real‑time polymerase chain reaction. The experiments were designed in threeindependent replications and statistically analyzed using SPSS software.RESULTS: The results show that kombucha compared with the green tea extract causedmore (1.2 fold) early apoptosis induction and G0/G1 phase arrest. Moreover, kombucha increasedthe expression levels of p21, p53, and B‑cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2)‑associated X proteingenes (2, 2.5, and 1.5 fold, respectively) while it decreased Bcl‑2 gene expression level (5–8 fold)compared with doxorubicin alone. Combination of kombucha with doxorubicin shows 2‑fold increasedG0/G1 phase compared with the doxorubicin treatment.CONCLUSION: This result indicated that kombucha caused boosted anticancer activity of doxorubicinagent. These findings suggest that kombucha may be has an assistor and useful role in colorectalcancer treatment align with chemotherapy.
