Profile and antibiotic‑resistance pattern of bacteria isolated from endotracheal secretions of mechanically ventilated patients at a tertiary care hospital
نویسندگان
1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, National University of Science and Technology, Oman
2 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, National University of Science and Technology, Oman,
3 Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Andhra Pradesh, India
4 Department of Pathology, Sohar Hospital, Ministry of Health, Oman Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
doi
چکیده
BACKGROUND: Critically ill patients on mechanical‑ventilation are always at a higher risk ofacquiring ventilator‑associated respiratory infections. The current study was intended to determinethe antibiotic‑resistance pattern of bacteria recovered from the endotracheal (ET) specimens ofventilated patients.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a single‑centered, retrospective study carried out in a 400‑bedtertiary care hospital in Oman. The data of profile and antibiotic resistance pattern of bacterial isolatesrecovered from ET aspirates of ventilated patients during the period from January 2017 to August2019 were retrieved from hospital database. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Packagefor the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 22 (IBM, Armonk, New York, USA). Descriptivestatistics were applied to find the frequencies and percentages. Charts and tables were constructed.RESULTS: In total, 201 bacterial isolates recovered from ET secretions of 154 ventilated patients werestudied. The rate of isolation was predominant among males (65.6%) and in elderly people (50%).Gram‑negative bacilli (GNB) were predominantly (88.6%) isolated. Acinetobacter baumannii (31.3%)was the most common isolate and 86% of them were multidrug‑resistant strains. Klebsiellapneumoniae (23.9%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22.9%) were the other common GNB, whereasStaphylococcus aureus was the most frequently isolated Gram‑positive bacteria. Gentamicin showedgood in vitro activity against S. aureus and all the GNB except A. baumannii reflecting good choicefor empirical therapy.CONCLUSION: Gram‑negative bacteria were the predominant isolates in ET secretions of ventilatedpatients. There was an alarmingly high rate of antimicrobial resistance among GNB. A rational useof antibiotics, regular monitoring of antibiotic resistance and use of right combination of drugs, inaddition to refining of existing infection control practices are critical to control the emergence ofdrug‑resistant strains.
