Development, validation, and feasibility of a school‑based short duration integrated classroom yoga module: A pilot study design
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چکیده
BACKGROUND: The practice of yoga is proven to have physical, cognitive and emotional benefitsfor school children. Despite this many schools do not include yoga in their daily schedule. Thereasons cited are lack of time and resources. To overcome these problems the present study aimedto develop and validate a short duration Integrated classroom yoga module. The design guidelineswere that it should be possible to practice in the classroom environment and that it could be led bythe class teacher. In this way the module would overcome the problem of both time and resource.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study had two main phases. In the first phase, selected ICYMpractices based on the literature review were validated by 21 subject matter experts using Lawhse’scontent validity ratio (CVR) formula. In the second phase, a pilot study using a paired sample prepostmeasurement design was carried out on 49 high school children. The study was conducted in June2019. The intervention period was 1 month, and the test variables were physical fitness, cognitiveperformance, self‑esteem, emotional well‑being, and personality characteristic. Paired sample t‑test wasthe analysis tool and the software used was the Statistical Package for the Social Science version 26.RESULTS: In the Lawshe’s CVR analysis, 17 out of the 24 practices tested were rated by expertsas essential as was the overall module (CVR score ≥0.429). In the pilot study, there were significantdifferences in the postmean scores compared to premean scores, for all the 4 EUROFIT physicalfitness testing battery tests (P < 0.02), all the three scores of the Stroop color‑word namingtask (P < 0.001) and the Rosenberg self‑esteem scale (P < 0.008).CONCLUSION: ICYM was validated and found feasible by the present study. It was found to have astatistically significant impact on physical fitness, cognitive performance, and self‑esteem variables.However, a randomized control trial with a longer intervention period is needed to strengthen thepresent study.
