The effect of education on anxiety of pregnant mothers before amniocentesis
نویسندگان
1 Associated Professor, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Department, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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3 Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mother and New Born Health Research Centre, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
4 MSc Student in Midwifery Counselling, Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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doi
چکیده
BACKGROUND: Pregnancy alone is associated with many anxieties and worries for many women.Prenatal diagnosis of fetal malformations is one of the most important anxious events for women.Increasing knowledge empowers the person to identify the important issues and by increasingunderstanding, creates a positive attitude in people. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigatethe effect of education on the level of anxiety of pregnant mothers before invasive screening for fetalabnormalities (amniocentesis).MATERIALS AND METHODS : This is a quasi‑experimental study with two parallel designs in threestages: Pretest (before intervention), posttest (after intervention), and after amniocentesis. This studywas performed on 80 pregnant women candidates for amniocentesis (40 pregnant women in thecontrol group and 40 pregnant women in the intervention group) referred to the perinatology clinic inYazd in 2020. Data collection tools were demographic and midwifery questionnaires and Spiel Bergeranxiety questionnaires. In the experimental group, the intervention was performed as group trainingfor 90 min immediately before amniocentesis. In the control group, only routine procedures (briefdescription by a perinatologist during amniocentesis) were performed. SPSS software version 16was used to analyze the data.RESULTS: The mean age of the research units was 67/5 ± 5/33 years. The results of Mann–Whitneyintergroup test showed that the mean scores of overt anxiety before the intervention between thecontrol and intervention groups were not significant (P < 0.014) but were significant after training andafter amniocenter (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the results of Mann–Whitney group test showed thatthe mean scores of overt anxiety in the intervention group before and after training were significant(P < 0.001). Furthermore, the results of the control group showed significant results (P < 0.001). Theresults of the independent t‑test showed that the mean scores of latent anxiety before the interventionbetween the control and intervention groups were not significant (P < 0.194) but were significantafter the training (P < 0.57) but The results were not significant after amniocentesis (P < 0.216).Furthermore, the results of paired t‑test within the group showed that the mean scores of overtanxiety in the intervention group before and after training was significant (P < 0.001). Furthermore,the results of the control group showed significant results (P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: The findings of the present study indicate the positive effect of education on anxiety ofpregnant women candidates for amniocentesis. The results also show the important role of educationon the psychological dimension of high‑risk pregnant women in relation to the consequences ofpregnancy and childbirth. According to the research results, it seems that education affects thecognitive system and information processing by increasing people’s awareness of the amniocentesisprocess and its consequences.
