The effect of educational intervention based on the health belief model on knowledge, attitude, and function of women about Pap smear test at Iranian health centers: A randomized controlled clinical trial
نویسندگان
1 Assistant Professor of Health Education and Promotion, Department of Public Health, School of Public Health Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute Babol University of Medical Sciences , Babol, Iran,
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3 Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
4 Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5 Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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چکیده
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the effect of educational interventionusing the health belief model on knowledge, attitude, and function of women about Pap test at healthcenters.METHODOLOGY: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 120 women whowere allocated into two groups (intervention = 60 and control = 60). The sampling method was amultistage cluster. The training was provided in two sessions for 90 min. Data gathering tool wasa 4‑part researcher‑made questionnaire including demographic characteristics, knowledge, healthbelief model structures, and function. Women were evaluated and completed the questionnaire in twostages (before and 2 months after training). Data were analyzed by Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Wilcoxon,linear regression, Mann–Whitney U‑test, Fisher, Chi‑square, and marginal homogeneity tests.RESULTS: At baseline, there was no significant difference between the groups regarding the mean ofknowledge and the structures of health belief model scores. The average scores of participants in termsof health belief model structures were increased significantly after the training sessions. Furthermore,the comparison of the performance of Pap smear before training showed that in the interventiongroup (23.3%) and in the control group (31.7%), there was no significant difference in terms of thehistory of performing the Pap smear test (P = 0.414). However, a significant difference (P = 0.001)was observed after training in the intervention group (31.7%) and in the control group (3.3%).CONCLUSION: Educational intervention using the health belief model is effective in increasingknowledge, attitude, and function of women in terms of providing useful and required education.
