Association between health literacy and adopting preventive behaviors of breast cancer in Iran
نویسندگان
1 Department of Emergency Medicine, Emergency Medicine Specialist, Metabolic Disease Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
2 Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
3 Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
4 Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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6 Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
7 Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
8 Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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چکیده
BACKGROUND: Health literacy plays an important role in adopting preventive behaviors. Consideringthe relatively high prevalence of breast cancer in women, this study aimed to assess the associationbetween health literacy and adopting the preventive behavior of breast cancer in Iran.METHODS: This was a descriptive, cross‑sectional study, in which 375 female students at ImamKhomeini International University in Qazvin in the academic year of 2018–2019 were selected througha stratified random sampling method. Demographic and background questionnaire, the standardquestionnaire of Health Literacy for Iranian Adults in addition to another questionnaire for measuringbreast cancer preventive behaviors, were used for collecting data. Data were analyzed using SPSS22 using descriptive statistics and logistic regression.RESULTS: The mean of the breast cancer preventive behaviors and health literacy were 8.92 ±1.82 out of 16 and 70.80 ± 12.49 out of 100. Regression results showed that there was a statisticallysignificant association between the adoption of breast cancer preventive behaviors and physicalactivity (P < 0.001) and health literacy (P < 0.018). Accordingly, the chance for adopting the preventivebehaviors in good level among students with rare and without physical activity was 0.105 and0.100 times, respectively, more than students who had been doing physical activity on a daily basis.Moreover, the same chance among students with adequate and very adequate health literacy was1.802 and 2.169 times more than students with inadequate health literacy.CONCLUSION: The results indicated that students with lower levels of health literacy and lessphysical activity had shown less tendency to adopt preventive behaviors of breast cancer. Therefore,special attention should be paid to health literacy (HL), particularly physical activity, application ofhealth information, and assessment in students when designing educational programs to preventbreast cancer.
