فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

This study investigates residential architecture of the First Pahlavi era in the city of Kerman, examining the degree of climatic adaptability and built-form resilience within the city’s cold semi-arid climate context. Given the growing importance of reinterpreting indigenous knowledge in addressing contemporary climate challenges, the primary objective of this research is a comparative evaluation of three indicators, physical resilience, connection to nature, and climatic adaptability in two representative case studies: the Ghaffari and Hakkak Houses located within the historic urban fabric of Kerman. In terms of purpose, the research is applied, and methodologically it adopts a descriptive–analytical and comparative approach conducted through multiple case studies. Data were collected through documentary sources, field surveys, and a researcher-developed questionnaire. Indicator evaluation was carried out based on expert judgment from specialists in architecture and climate-responsive architecture. Data analysis employed descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling using the Partial Least Squares approach to examine the relationships among indicators and their level of realization in each case. The findings show that both houses follow an introverted central courtyard typology and utilize indigenous materials with high thermal mass. However, the Ghaffari House demonstrates a higher level of climatic adaptability and stronger coherence between spatial organization and climatic design strategies. The results indicate that the effectiveness of First Pahlavi-era residential architecture in climate response depended on maintaining a balance between continuity of indigenous spatial logic and modern built-form transformations. Reinterpreting these architectural experiences can inform and inspire contemporary sustainable design practices.