Preparation of New Activated Carbon-Based Adsorbent from Agricultural Waste of Eriobotrya Seeds for Efficient Drug Removal: A Regeneration and Isotherm Study
نویسندگان
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Al-Ameed, Kerbala, Iraq
2 Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences for Women, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq
3 Department of Pharmacy, Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, (Maysan), Iraq
4 Department of Pharmacy, Al-Hadi University College, Baghdad, 10011, Iraq
5 Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq
6 Department of Pharmacy, Mazaya University College, Thi-qar, Iraq
7 Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences for Women, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq
doi
10.48309/ajca.2026.579164.2093چکیده
Discharges of toxic and hazardous pollutants into water, including pharmaceuticals, have become a critical environmental issue, given the toxicity and persistence of these chemicals even at low concentrations, posing serious threats to aquatic ecosystem health and species. As a result, the production of an efficient, non-toxic, cheap, and biodegradable biosorbent for decontamination has attracted a lot of attention. This study elaborated on a highly promising method for the preparation of a new class of activated carbon (AC1) from an inexpensive, readily available plant raw material (Eriobotrya japonica) and its application as an adsorbent for the removal of the Arzneimittel, Rifampicin (RF). Adsorbent was characterized by FESEM, TEM, FTIR and XRD by applying different operating conditions. The systematic adsorption experiments were performed as a function of contact time, drug concentration, adsorbent dosage, and the point of zero charge (pHpzc). An additional experiment comparing AC1 relative to activated carbon on the market (AC2) was also carried out. The ideal conditions for adsorption of AC2 (initial concentration 40 mg/L, dose 0.06 g, and pH 6) were established with a low removal efficiency (60.48%), whereas AC1 shows 100% removal efficiency (99.88%) at the end of 60 min. Moreover, the adsorption isotherms were investigated, and they were found to fit the Freundlich model, indicating that the surface is heterogeneous and exhibits multilayer adsorption. Such outcomes confirm the potential of AC1 as a powerful adsorbent for removing antibiotics from wastewater.
