فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

Background and Aim: Farfiyun (Euphorbia) is considered one of the important and widely used plants in traditional medical texts, for which numerous therapeutic properties have been mentioned. However, different sources disagree on determining the exact nature of this plant. This study aims to propose a suitable scientific name for Farfiyun based on the characteristics and descriptions found in ancient texts. Methods: The present research is a qualitative study of content analysis, focusing on the medical texts of Islamic civilization. This research was conducted in several stages: identifying and extracting keywords, searching traditional medical texts with the keywords "Farfiyun", "Farbiyun", "Owfarbiyun", "Afrfiyun", "Afarbiyun" and "Forbiyun", as well as searching Persian and Latin databases with the keywords "Farfiyun", "Euphorbia", "Zaggûm", "Euphorbia" and "Tikiut", followed by categorizing, sorting, comparing, and analyzing the collected data. Ethical Considerations: The principles of integrity and honesty in citing the texts used, the authenticity of sources and avoidance of bias in referring to texts or analyses were observed. Results: Farfiyun is described as a gray-colored gum, in the fourth degree of hot and dry. This plant is beneficial for treating spleen and joint diseases, as well as countering toxins. Its habitat is primarily reported as Sudan, Morocco and Barbary. However, there is noticeable inconsistency and disagreement in the texts regarding the nature of Farfiyun; some have considered it the gum of the Mazariyun plant, while others have described it as the sap of the Zaqqum plant. Furthermore, in describing its appearance, some have introduced it as resembling lettuce and being thorny, whereas others have described it as a plant with a square-shaped stem and no leaves. Conclusion: Today, there is no single viewpoint regarding the nature of Farfiyun. However, it seems that by considering the botanical characteristics mentioned for this plant in some texts and comparing it with species of the genus Euphorbia (approximately 2000 species), it can be considered equivalent to the species 'Takout' with the scientific name Euphorbia resinifera Berg.