Socioeconomic determinants of excess weight and central obesity among Iranian women: Application of information, motivation, and behavioral skills model
نویسندگان
1 Departments of Health Education and Promotion and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
2 Department of Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
3 Health Metrics Research Center, Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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چکیده
INTRODUCTION: In developing countries, there is an increased risk of incidence of noncommunicablediseases due to general and abdominal obesity. Therefore, this study aimed to assess socioeconomicdeterminants of excess weight and central obesity among women in Tehran city based on informationmotivation behavioral skills model (IMB).MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross‑sectional study was conducted among 260 women agedbetween 20 and 49 years old using cluster sampling. A skilled interviewer completed socioeconomicstatus (SES), food insecurity, and IMB questionnaires. Analysis of variance, Chi‑square tests, andregression model were used for statistical analysis. The multiple logistic regression analysis wasused to identify independent predictors of the excess weight and central obesity using SPSS 21.RESULTS: The mean and standard deviation of participants’ age was 34.7 (±7.59) years old. Theprevalence of overweight and obesity in adult women was estimated 35% and 21.2%, respectively.The prevalence of abdominal obesity was 34.6%. Independent predictors of overweight/obesity inwomen were age (odds ratio [OR] =1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] =1.03–1.14), educationallevel (OR = 2.35, 95% CI = 1.05–5.27), and total expenditure (OR = 3.14, 95% CI = 1.06–9.37).Whereas, independent predictors for increased the likelihood of central obesity were age(OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.06–1.18), marital status (OR = 6.44, 95% CI = 1.94–21.40), low education(OR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.16–0.91), number of rooms (OR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.03–3.45), and self‑regulationscore (OR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.88–1.00).CONCLUSIONS: The socioeconomic determinants, especially age, level of education, andexpenditure, as well as self‑regulation, play an important role in excess weight and central obesityamong women. Therefore, further research is needed to reach women in different SES groups with avariety of interventions through concurrent triangulation of longitudinal studies and qualitative research.
