فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

The bourgeois intellectual system is extremely incoherent and disjointed, and this incoherence is only one of the consequences of capitalism and its relations based on commodity relations and idolatry. Therefore, in Lukács's view, despite the dominance of bourgeois class ideas, only the proletariat has the ability to recognize the totality of the system and can act as a subject of revolution due to its special social position. In this intellectual system, art has an epistemological position, and critical realism, as Lukács's most prominent artistic theory, is meaningful only in this process of the proletariat's self-awareness and the development of the moment of revolution. The realist writer, who reflects the totality and culture of bourgeois societies, is the same subject of the proletariat that goes through the process of achieving self-consciousness and, by creating beautiful works and realistic reflections of the totality, helps the proletariat to develop and understand the contradictions of capitalist societies, as well as to understand its position as a social force. In this research, by collecting information and library data and using a descriptive-analytical method, we have answered this question: If the dominant ideas are those of the bourgeois class, how can the proletariat achieve general knowledge and change and transform relations? Also, how have writers who belong to the bourgeois class achieved understanding and knowledge of the general? While, according to Lukács, knowledge of the general is impossible for this class.