فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

Traumatic brain injury (TBI), whatever its cause, is already associated usually with disability and death worldwide.[1] The mechanism of injury in TBI includes primary and secondary injuries. The primary brain injury usually appears just when the trauma is occurred. Common mechanisms comprise direct impact, rapid acceleration/deceleration, penetrating injury, and shock waves. The damage that results include a combination of focal contusions and hematomas, as well as shearing of white matter tracts (diffuse axonal injury) along with cerebral edema and swelling.[2] While effective in managing the primary injury to the brain and the skull, these treatment modalities do not address the complex secondary cascades that occur at a cellular level following initial injury and greatly affect the ultimate neurologic outcome.