The impact of education intervention on the Health Belief Model constructs regarding anxiety of nulliparous pregnant women
نویسندگان
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3 Health Management and Social Development Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
4 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan
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doi
چکیده
Background: According to investigations, pregnant women hypothesized that anxiety is acommon factor that will improve spontaneously; they are not aware of its side effects on the fetus,baby, and pregnancy outcome, as a whole. Other studies have also not tried to design a theoreticalframework based on Health Education Models (HBMs) to overcome this problem. The currentstudy aimed at exploring the effectiveness of education on the anxiety of nulliparous women basedon a HBM. Materials and Methods: An experimental study on 88 eligible nulliparous women(n = 44 per group), from Doroud city, was performed in 2012. The data was collected using aresearcher made questionnaire. Education was conducted in three sessions tailored with HBMconstructs with the help of lectures, group discussions, inquiries, Power Point presentations,and booklets. Evaluation performed using a posttest four and eight weeks after last session. Thecollected data were analyzed using statistical tests, including Chi-square, independent t-test, andrepeated measure Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) by the significance level of 0.05. Results: Themean score of knowledge, perceived sensitivity, perceived severity, perceived benefits andbarriers, cues to action, self efficacy, and behavior, four weeks after intervention (P < 0.001) andeight weeks after intervention (P < 0.001) were significantly more in the case group Than thecontrol group. ANOVA with repeated measures showed a significant increase in the case groupin knowledge (from 32.1 to 89.1), perceived sensitivity (from 34.8 to 91.5), perceived severity(from 31.82 to 88.48), perceived benefits (from 39.28 to 92.41), perceived barriers (from 26.93 to88.61), cues to action (from24.65 to 92.03), self efficacy (from 29.71 to 88.75), and behavior (from28.83 to 94.63). Changes were not significant in the control group. Conclusion: The effect of HBMand education on increasing knowledge and changing people’s beliefs and behavior, in termsof anxiety based pregnancy, should make health planners and authorities pay more attention tothese issues. Moreover, it will help in the betterment of the health of mothers and babies.
