فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

This study experimentally investigates how specific factors, such as the arrangement of concrete cylinders, ramp angle, and the presence or absence of a downstream barrier, influence shock wave characteristics to improve risk prediction accuracy. To do this, three models were considered: two sequential, distant pairs of cylinders (Model 1); two sequential, adjacent pairs of cylinders (Model 2); and four sequential, separate cylinders (Model 3). The concrete cylinders were released into the tank in different models and at three different slopes, either with a downstream barrier or without. The results showed that, when using a downstream barrier, the maximum wave height in models 1, 2, and 3 decreased by 14.5%, 10.5%, and 8.63%, respectively, at three different angles. Comparing results for a particular angle revealed that waves generated by model 3 had higher values in wave height, length, and amplitude among all models. Additionally, the maximum water level fluctuations in Model 3 were 10.1% and 5.4% higher than those in Models 2 and 1, respectively. Increasing the ramp angle in Model 3 raised the wave height by 14.4%.