فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

Background: Retrograde intra-renal surgery (RIRS) has been used to remove stones of less than 2 cm in the kidney. however, its role is not well defined. Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the outcomes and safety of RIRS, used either as a primary or secondary procedure, and to analyze factors predicting the stonefree rate (SFR). Results: The overall SFR for renal stones treated with RIRS in our center was 55.4%, and the complication rate was 1.5%, which consisted of one case of sepsis. The only factor affecting SFR in this study was the indication for RIRS. When performed as a primary operation,RIRS showed a significantly better SFR (64.3%). The SFR for lower pole stones was only 44.4%.There were no statistically significant effects of stone burden, radio-opacity, or combination with ureteral stones on SFR. Conclusions: RIRS should be used as the primary treatment for renal stones whenever possible.