فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

Background: Aluminum phosphide (ALP) poisoning is a critical health issue that poses significant challenges for pre-hospital emergency responders.Objectives: This study aims to develop a clinical protocol for managing ALP poisoning in pre-hospital emergency settings.Methods: The research utilized the RAND-modified Delphi method, engaging 20 experts from Tehran, Mazandaran, and Babol Universities of Medical Sciences in Iran in 2023. Experts were selected based on specific eligibility criteria, including a minimum of five years of professional experience in the relevant field. The study progressed through five distinct phases: comprehensive library and electronic searches, thorough literature reviews, careful assessment of quality and content validity, data collection from a panel of experts, and the eventual publication of the finalized pre-hospital nursing care protocol. Data analyses were conducted using SPSS Statistics software (version 23) and Microsoft Excel (2016).Results: The 20 experts on the panel had a mean age of 47.5 years (±10.5) and an average of 13.15 years (±7.95) of professional experience. The developed protocol includes the following steps: Assessment: Prioritize safety, conduct symptom/risk screening, and perform ABCDE evaluations along with pain assessment on a scale from 0 to 10. Planning: Stabilize hemodynamics, alleviate poisoning symptoms, ensure adherence to medication and relaxation protocols, and develop discharge plans. Implementation: Secure the airway, prevent aspiration, perform gastric lavage (using saline and dextrose-insulin), adhere to the SSPS protocol, and educate patients about associated risks. Evaluation: Confirm efficacy through normalized vital signs, resolution of symptoms, patient/caregiver comprehension, emotional stability, and adherence to long-term care plans.Conclusion: This study employs the RAND/Delphi method to establish a pre-hospital protocol for ALP poisoning that emphasizes vital sign monitoring, hemodynamic stability, and pain management. A stronger consensus was observed among master's-level experts. Future phases will assess the clinical efficacy of this protocol and its educational impact on patient outcomes.