فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

Rapid urbanization in Tehran has intensified environmental challenges, including air pollution, inefficient waste handling, and water shortages. Addressing these issues requires more than technological solutions; it calls for governance systems that can integrate diverse forms of evidence and act upon them effectively. This research applies a mixed-methods approach, combining statistical analyses of environmental indicators with insights from semi-structured interviews conducted with policymakers, environmental specialists, academics, and technology experts. The quantitative results show that energy consumption and monitoring capacity are significant drivers of air quality. At the same time, qualitative findings reveal institutional fragmentation, weak coordination among agencies, and underutilization of real-time environmental data. By integrating these perspectives, the study identifies critical governance gaps that limit the effectiveness of innovative environmental initiatives. The paper concludes with policy recommendations ranging from strengthening cross-sector collaboration and citizen engagement to establishing centralized data-driven coordination that can guide Tehran and other rapidly growing cities toward more adaptive, equitable, and sustainable forms of urban environmental governance.