فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has poor long-term survival, necessitating robust prognostic biomarkers. While conventional markers focus on cytogenetics and mutations, immune-extracellular genes suitable for liquid biopsy remain understudied. Methods: RNA-sequencing data from 200 AML patients were analyzed from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Univariate Cox regression identified survival-associated genes. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis selected immune and extracellular genes, with Kaplan-Meier analysis validating prognostic significance. REACTOME pathway enrichment revealed biological mechanisms. External validation used GEPIA2. Results: Cox regression identified 201 survival-associated genes (p<0.05): 149 favorable prognosis (HR<1) and 52 poor prognosis (HR>1). Gene Ontology enrichment revealed 29 immune-associated and 9 extracellular genes, with 5 overlapping candidates. Kaplan-Meier analysis confirmed four genes; EPHA10, CD160, BTN2A2, and KLRK1 as significant protective prognostic markers (p<0.05, HR<1). REACTOME analysis highlighted immune signaling pathways including adaptive immune response, natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and cell surface interactions. External validation demonstrated differential expression in AML versus normal tissues. Conclusion: This study identified EPHA10, CD160, BTN2A2, and KLRK1 as novel immune-extracellular prognostic biomarkers in AML. These genes represent promising candidates for liquid biopsy applications and personalized immunotherapy strategies, offering new perspectives for monitoring immune surveillance and overcoming AML immune evasion.