فهرست نشریات علمی دسترسی آزاد ایران

Assessing and improving the firm's competitiveness is essential in turbulent economic conditions. Factors of the APP model are treated to quantify the competitiveness of PSX-listed manufacturing firms using data from 2010 to 2021. Firstly, principal component analysis is applied to construct individual indices. In the second step, these indices are aggregated to develop a composite index. The results confirmed that each factor of the APP model contributes positively to a firm's competitiveness. However, asset factors are more prominent than process and performance factors. It is confirmed that firm competitiveness remains consistent as firms move from low to highly competitive zones over time.